Ahmad Puad Mat Som

The primary objective of the research is to examine at the relation between responsible tourism and community quality of life. A questionnaire survey was carried out to gather responses from a sample of 322 locals from the Malaysian Cameron Highlands' Ulu Telum, Tanah Rata, and Ringlet subdistricts. The data analysis revealed that there was no correlation between the quality of life in the local community and any of the four pillars of responsible tourism (economic, environmental, social, and cultural). Although tourism has an impact on locals' quality of life in tourist destinations, it can only measure residents' opinions and not their actual experiences. Or, to put it another way, it may not be appropriate to assess locals' quality of life using indices of tourist impacts. According to the findings of this study, the components of responsible tourism may only partially represent the quality of life among local communities affected by tourism in a host community. The results of this study suggest that the elements of responsible tourism might need to accurately reflect the quality of life of the local communities impacted by tourism in a host community.

HRMARS is well established journal publisher based in Pakistan. It is publishing prominent journals in social sciences since 2011.

Official tourism website has become an essential aspect in shaping tourist destinations. Tourism websites are an essential tool in shaping the norms and values of the destinations which travelers have to visit — however, only very few research which focused on the integration of the language element and visual element in shaping tourist destination images. Thus, this study aims to investigate how effective is the use of language and visual elements in shaping the tourist destination on the tourism websites of Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. This research employed a discourse approach to analyze both language and visual elements. Data was collected via online documentation and semi-structured interview and analyzed using both textual and visual analysis. The use of lexical and syntactical aspects in the official tourism websites in Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia are the focus of textual analysis. Furthermore, visual elements such as modality and salience are also looked over. The findings reveal that both, textual and visual elements, complement each other as tourism discourse resources, in realizing Indonesia’s tourism destinations as attractions on official tourism websites (OTWs).

One of the remarkable advantages of globalisation is people having more access to adequate education, both for formal and informal. Although education is not shared evenly all over the world, through globalisation, there is an awakening process when most countries realise that education is not only a crucial factor in developing human resources, but also essential for economic improvement and technology expansion. Education is a primary need and a fundamental right for everyone, yet many women still lack of education, which has the potential to enhance their lives, particularly to fight against poverty. This article will argue that education needs in rural areas in Indonesia are not being shared equally by both genders. The results show that globalised standards of education are falling short for female students due to several reasons, such as financial constraints and cultural preferences for males. Therefore, the roles of the government and NGOs are vitally important in empowering women, particularly in rural areas. This article also draws the ethnographic data from rural areas in Minahasa Regency in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. This article recommended that the government should enhance the access to all educational stages, improve the education quality and distribute more funds in education to implement the educational fees exemption program. It can be concluded that NGOs can play the important role in assisting the government strategies. The roles may be conducted by embarking on campaigns for education. It may lead to increasing number of education enrolment and enlarging the opportunity for children and women to attain sufficient education.

The aim of the study is to find out the effect of smartphone on marketing therapeutic tourist sites in Jordan. Several factors contribute to this study, including market type templates, therapeutic, demographic and their impact on tourist behavior in Jordan. We apply the technology acceptance (TAM) model to study through the incorporation of smartphone applications on marketing therapeutic tourist sites in Jordan. To achieve this, we use the quantitative research design and rely on appropriate data to test the hypothesis. We distributed questionnaire to 400 tourists as a sample of study but two hundred and four were collected. The researchers had used the structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for measuring relationships and correlations between variables and their impact on the behavior of tourists in Jordan. According to the study findings, there was a positive impact on market type template, therapeutic, and demographics on tourists' perceived ease of use of smartphone on marketing therapeutic tourist sites in the country. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use also led to an increase in tourists' intention to use smartphone. Â

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether board diversity in human capital and social capital effectively mitigates the negative impacts of crises on firm performance.Design/methodology/approach: Cross-sectional time series data for 2001-2011 are collected from all the tourism-related public listed firms across four Asian markets. Linear and non-linear effects of board diversity on firm performance are examined.Findings: This study finds that board diversity in human capital and social capital does not significantly improve firm performance, but it significantly mitigates the negative impacts of crises striking firm performance. The effects of board diversity show difference with sudden and gradual crises. The effects of board diversity show non-linear when tackling sudden crises. Only high levels of board diversity in external network ties are effective to tackle gradual crisis.Practical implications: The best composition of board capital should depend on the external environment. Only through adopting excessively high board diversity in social capital is suitable when the firms have lower frequency of industry cycle, or prone to the crisis which is likely to sustain. Instead, a moderate level of board diversity in human and social capital is crucial if the firms are always situated in harsh circumstances such as high competition environment, or prone to face industrial bubble.Originality/value: This study directly investigates board diversity in human capital and social capital, rather than investigating through the proxy of age, gender, ethnicity, etc. This study sheds light on the influence of the board diversity in the crisis periods, the findings are enhanced with the classification of crises into sudden and gradual-onset type.