Matúš Guzman

The representative of the Slovak Republic T. P. and multiple participant in the European Championships, World Championships and Olympic qualification, has recorded progressive growth in sports performance in the disciplines since 2012 (400 m freestyle, 3:49.03, 795 points, SCM and 800 m freestyle, 8:12.87, 771 points, LCM). In the annual training macrocycle 2025, he achieved his best performance in the 400 m freestyle with a time of 3:52.58, 760 points. Retrospective analysis classified special and general training indicators that demonstrated the highest closeness with sports performance in swimming. Non-parametric procedures such as Spearman's correlation coefficient and CHAID decision trees were used to detect interactions and predict. When analyzing the data, we used the method of studying the athlete's training diaries from the annual training cycles 2023 - 2025. Of the special training indicators, the determinants of sports performance included the volume swum at a race pace (STI 105), elemental leg swimming (STI 107), warm-up and warm-down (STI 102), anaerobic endurance (STI 104) and elemental arm swimming (STI 106). Of the general training indicators, the number of starts (GTI 112) and the number of training units in the water (GTI 111) determined the year-round sports performance.

In this study, we examine the impact of stabilization exercises on postural stability in youth aged 17 years. The eight-week experimental program, conducted three times per week, included exercises aimed at strengthening the core musculature, enhancing coordination, and improving proprioception. A control group that followed the traditional content of school physical education served as the baseline for evaluating the effectiveness of the intervention. Changes in postural stability were assessed using the eight-directional Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) administered before and after the intervention. Descriptive statistics (M, SD) were used to characterize the level of postural stability. The normality of the data was evaluated using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Differences between measurements were analyzed both statistically (paired t-test) and practically (Cohen’s d). The results demonstrated a significant effect (p < 0.05) of the experimental program on postural stability, with medium to large effect sizes observed on the left stance leg and small to medium effect sizes on the right stance leg. In the control group, which followed the standard school curriculum, neither statistical significance (p > 0.05) nor meaningful effect sizes (d < 0.06) were confirmed. The structured application of training modalities targeting stability, proprioception, core strength, and coordination exerted a significant influence on the improvement of postural stability and balance in youth. These findings are objectively supported by positive improvements across all assessed movement directions. This contribution is part of the VEGA research project No. 1/0460/23 Postural Health in Children and Adolescents and Possibilities of Its Modification

The elite swimmer of the Slovak Republic (T.P.), a participant in the 2023 World Swimming Championships in Fukuoka, has since 2012 recorded a gradual increase in performance in the swimming disciplines of 400 m freestyle with a resulting time of 3:49.03 (795 points, SCM) and 800 m freestyle with a resulting with a time of 8:12.87 (771 points, LCM). From the point of view of the annual training macrocycle of ATC 2023, he achieved his best sports performances in the 400m freestyle with a final time of 3:53.88 (747 points, SCM) and in the 800m freestyle with a fi-nal time of 8:07.68 (751 points, SCM). We identified the general and special training variables that were most closely related to the swimmer's athletic performance through a retrospective analysis. For interaction identification and prediction, we applied non-parametric techniques (CHAID de-cision trees and Spearman's correlation coefficient). The available data was analyzed using the technique to examine at the swimmers' workout records from the ATC 2023 annual training cycle. The available data, which include the volume of race pace (STI 105), elemental arm swimming (STI 106), and volume of anaerobic endurance (STI 104), as well as the number of starts (GTI 112) and training units (GTI 111), were analyzed by looking at the swimmers' training diaries from the ATC 2023 annual training cycle.

V pr?ci poukazujeme na ?rove? a interakcie postur?lnej stability (PS) so ?portovou v?konnos?ou strelcov (?V) v discipl?ne Skeet. V?skum bol realizovan? na s?bore ?portov?ch strelcov zo SR. PS v pohotovostnom streleckom postaven? so zbra?ou a b...

At work, we refer to the level of dynamic postural stability (DPS) in students at the Sports Mid-school in Nitra. The research sample consisted of athletes from the sports mid-school in Nitra (girls n = 21, height M = 166.37, SD = 5.36; boys n = 19, height M = 179.05, SD = 7.57). Their dynamic postural stability was measured using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) carried out in eight directions. The level of dynamic postural stability (DPS) was characterized by descriptive statistics. The laterality between the right and left standing foot wasassessed by a t-test and a Cohen’s “d”. The statistical significance of the differences was assessed at a 5% significance level. The results did not show differences in the laterality of dynamic postural stability (DPS) and complex postural stability (CPS) in boys andgirls between dominant (DLS) and non-dominant (NLS) standing foot in terms of mean, maximum and even relative values (p = n. s). The largest movement ranges in terms of average values were seen in boys and girls in both standing legs in the dorsal direction in theposteromedial, posterior, posterolateral, lateral in the medial direction and in the anteromedial front direction. The contribution is part of the research task VEGA 1/0460/23 Postural health in children and adolescents and the possibility of influencing it.

Study purpose. In this work, we point out the interaction of complex postural stability (CPS) and skating agility tests among pupils in the hockey club HK Nové Zámky. We determined postural stability using the SEBT and agility with skating tests. We expected a significant interaction between performance in skating agility tests and CPS for both standing legs, which was most closely identified with the eight-item SEBT test. Materials and methods. The level of CPS was characterized by descriptive statistics. Laterality between right and left standing leg was assessed by t-test and Cohen’s “d”. The relationships between CPS and skating agility tests were determined by Pearson’s correlation coefficient “r”. Predictors were selected by stepwise regression. Statistical significance of differences and relationships was assessed at the 5% significance level. Results. The results showed no differences in the laterality of the CPS between the right and left standing leg. Correlation analysis demonstrated the interactions of the left and right standing leg with all skating agility tests. Stepwise regression was used to select the tests that were most identified with the performance on the eight-item SEBT test in terms of their skating expression. The Illinois test has the most significant informational power for CPS. Conclusions. The presence of positive interactions between skating agility and CPS in hockey players point to the importance of a balanced and stable stance of both legs in all directions. The perfect balance and stability of hockey players eliminates the fluctuations caused by skating movement in all directions and facilitates their execution without major changes in dynamic performance. The chance of shortening the activation time of the muscle chains involved in the technique of performing the test also increases significantly, or in the very structure of technique – the economics of ice hockey players’ skating.

Purpose In this paper, we highlight the interactions of dynamic postural stability (DPS) and running agility of ice hockey players in Slovakia. Material and methods Postural stability was assessed using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and agility by the 6x9m running test. We expected significant interactions between agility test performance and DPS for both legs in all directions tested. The level of DPS was characterized by descriptive statistics. Laterality between right and left standing leg was assessed by Student's t-test. The relationships between DPS and agility were investigated by Pearson correlation coefficient "r". Statistical significance of differences and relationships was assessed at the 5% significance level. Results The results of the correlation analysis pointed to interactions of movement performance in the agility of hockey players with DPS predominantly with all tested directions (p0.05) were demonstrated only with the Anteriomedial direction in the right standing leg and in the Anterior position for the left standing leg. Differences in laterality between the right and left standing leg were found only in the Anteriomedial and PosteroMedial directions (p<0.05). Stepwise regression showed the highest tightness of agility on the left leg in the Medial direction (average values ​​r = 0.665, Beta*r = 44.23%) and Posterolateral direction (maximum values ​​r = 0.665, Beta*r = 44.23%). On the right leg, in the Posteromedial direction (average values ​​r = 0.658, Beta*r = 44.01%) and the Posterior direction (maximum values ​​r = 0.663, Beta*r = 43.90%). Conclusions The positive interactions of agility and DPS in hockey players highlight the importance of a balanced and stable stance of both feet in all directions. Perfect balance and stability of hockey players eliminates fluctuations created by running or skating movement in all directions and facilitates their execution without major changes in dynamic performance. It also significantly increases the chances of reducing the activation time of the muscle chains involved in the test execution technique, or in the structure of hockey players' skating technique itself.