Xu Zhang

In this study, a novel polysaccharide (PSH) with potent anti-gout activity was extracted and separated from Sanghuangporus vaninii (S. vaninii). The structural characteristics of PSH were elucidated using analytical techniques. HPLC analysis revealed that PSH was a heteropolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 5.25 × 10⁴ Da. FT-IR, NMR, and GC-MS collectively demonstrated that PSH was a pyranose with both α and β configurations, primarily composed of Glcp-(1→, →4)-Glcp-(2→, →3)-Galp-(1→, and Araf-(1→ linkages. The cell viability confirmed the non-toxicity of PSH. CAT and SOD showed that compared with the model group, PSH significantly offset the oxidative damage induced by MSU (p < 0.01). The results from ROS and MDA mutually corroborated the antioxidant capacity of PSH. Furthermore, PSH effectively suppressed MSU-triggered inflammatory responses. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory experiments provided evidence for the anti-gout efficacy of PSH. Collectively, these findings support the potential development of PSH as an anti-gout active substance.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a major public health challenge and innovative dietary strategies are needed to support bone health.RESULTS: This study aimed to develop a functional food by promoting osteogenesis through the synergistic effects of compound plant extracts (CPE) and Lactobacillus plantarum. First, it was determined that CPE could promote the growth, metabolic activity, biofilm formation, calcium enrichment, and antioxidant properties of L. plantarum, improving the bioavailability of calcium. Cell experiments showed that the combined application of CPE and L. plantarum (CPEL) significantly promoted the proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix mineralization of MC3T3‐E1 cells. Mechanistically, CPEL activated the Wnt/β‐catenin and BMP2/Smad signaling pathways, which are essential for bone formation. The multi‐omics integration of metabolomics and molecular docking revealed key metabolic changes, particularly in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolic pathways, contributing to enhanced osteogenic activity. Molecular docking also clarified the strong binding interactions between differential metabolites (leucine, salicylic acid, and fumaric acid) and osteogenic targets, providing new insights into plant component–microbe synergy in functional food development.CONCLUSION: The combined application of CPE and L. plantarum could promote bone formation through multiple targets and pathways. These findings highlight the potential of plant extract–probiotic synergy in developing functional foods for bone health, offering a promising dietary strategy to prevent osteoporosis. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.