Alla V. Shaboltas

Context and relevance. This paper presents a narrative (analytical) review of international scientific literature on the development and implementation of digital psychological interventions in rehabilitation practices for patients after hip replacement surgery. A qualitative analysis and conceptualization of the main uses of digital technologies in rehabilitation after hip replacement surgery was conducted, with an emphasis on their psychological effects. Objective. To conduct a narrative review of contemporary international scientific papers and empirical studies devoted to the development and evaluation of the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs using digital technologies for patients after hip arthroplasty, with a focus on their psychological component and impact on key aspects of treatment. Methods and materials. A thematic review of foreign scientific papers published in peer-reviewed scientific journals for the period from 2020 to 2025, using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. Results. Data from a narrative review of international studies demonstrates that digital programs significantly impact treatment success. The key psychological mechanisms include: reduced anxiety and depression through continuous communication with staff; decreased pain catastrophizing; and increased self-efficacy through information and visualization of progress. This improves rehabilitation adherence, functional outcomes, and patient satisfaction. Conclusions. The integration of digital tools for assessing psychological status and remote psychological support into standard rehabilitation protocols is a necessary measure for personalization and improving short-term and long-term treatment effectiveness indicators.

Relevance. In studies devoted to mental health disorders of family members of war veterans, recommendations are given for psychological correction that need to be differentiated and specified depending on the specifics of these disorders, as well as depending on the socio-psychological, cultural, ideological characteristics of each particular family, within which its members find psychological resources for coping with mental trauma. The purpose of this work was to analyze and summarize existing studies on mental health disorders and the development of specific areas (models) of specialized psychological assistance to children of veterans of military conflicts. The analysis of literary sources was the first stage of the study, implemented at the Chechen State Pedagogical University within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation «Development and testing of an integrated model for the correction of stress-related disorders in traumatized children of participants in the SVO in a school setting.» Material and methods. The methods used were the analysis of domestic and foreign literary sources containing the results of randomized controlled studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses of works devoted to mental health disorders of war veterans and their family members. Preference was given to publications for the last 5 years. Results. Analysis of the research results shows that the presence of health problems in parents who participated in military operations significantly affects the risk of developing psychosomatic symptoms and mental disorders in children, mainly in the form of anxiety, depression, phobic disorders, and also determines a decrease in academic performance, interest in learning and communication, provokes behavioral disorders, increased conflict, aggression and hostility. Conclusions. Three main areas (models) of organizing psychological assistance to children of veterans of military conflicts can be distinguished, taking into account the socio-psychological characteristics of the veteran’s family, which can be integrated into a comprehensive system of assistance to children and family members of veterans of a special military operation: clinical and psychological model; psychological and pedagogical model; socio-psychological model.

Introduction. Coxarthrosis (osteoarthritis of the hip joint) is a socially significant degenerative and dystrophic disease characterized by chronic pain syndrome, progressive limitation of mobility and a significant decrease in the quality of life of patients. Within the modern healthcare system which is oriented toward short-term hospitalization, the effectiveness of treatment is influenced not only by medical parameters but also to a large extent by a range of psychological factors. The purpose of the study: systematization and analysis of modern scientific data on the influence of psychological factors (including personality traits, emotional and behavioral characteristics, socio-psychological features, and subjective illness perception) on the effectiveness of treatment of coxarthrosis, including surgical interventions and rehabilitation measures, followed by the evelopment of evidence-based recommendations for optimizing the treatment process. Methodology. A systematic analytical review of 46 peer-reviewed Russian and foreign publications for the period 1999–2024 was conducted, selected from the databases eLibrary, CyberLeninka, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were: scientific validity, representativeness of the sample, validity of methods and relevance to the research topic. The analysis was performed within the framework of the biopsychosocial model and the principles of evidence-based medicine. Results and their analysis. Significant psychological predictors of treatment effectiveness were identified, such as personality factors, emotional disorders, cognitive characteristics, and sociopsychological aspects. Conclusion. The findings confirm the necessity of implementing a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of coxarthrosis. Promising areas of further research include the development of standardized psychological support protocols and the assessment of their effectiveness in Russian healthcare.

Context and relevance. The relevance of the problem of student suicide around the world and in Russia remains high. Objective. To study the individual experience of surviving in crisis situations and identify the most significant protective and risk factors of suicidal behavior of university students. Methods and materials. The analysis of data from interviews and surveys of 50 students of St. Petersburg universities seeking psychological help in connection with suicidal experiences. We used: a semi-structured interview; a Russian-adapted version of the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE-IQ), and the full version of the Columbia Protocol for assessing the severity of suicide risk (C-SSRS). Data processing included software-based content analysis (ATLAS), comparative and correlation analysis (SPSS, v.26). Results. The most significant risk factors for the development of antivital tendencies (p < 0,1—0,5) were: upbringing in a single-parent family and difficult relationship with parents, experience of physical violence, a diagnosis of a mental disorder, prevalence of coping strategies with academic stresses associated with surfing the internet. Students who have attempted suicide are characterized by reduced self-esteem, blurred personal identity, and a reduced perspective on the future. Among the protective factors, the motives of fear of death and harm to loved ones, as well as motives for maintaining hope for changes for the better, turned out to be the strongest. Suicidal ideation only without active antivital actions was associated with more constructive stress coping strategies. Conclusions. The analysis of individual situational specifics of the crisis experiences revealed common correlates of the risk and protective factors of suicidal behavior related to «ideation to action» transition.

Context and relevance. Effective law enforcement practice, including investigative and judicial actions, involves intensive interactions and collaboration of specialists of various profiles, which requires, in particular, a mutual understanding of the specifics of the work and the implementation of professional ethical standards by lawyers and psychologists. The most difficult problems are the ethical dilemmas and complexities in the field of judicial process and, in particular, the conduct and interpretation of the results of forensic psychological examination. Objective. Analysis of the ethical foundations and the most relevant ethical dilemmas in the field of forensic psychological examination practice and interaction between psychologists and lawyers. Methods and materials. Analysis of national and foreign literary sources, ethical regulation in the law enforcement practice of psychologists and lawyers, as well as materials of civil and criminal cases (100 cases concerning minors). Results. The most serious ethical problems for lawyers and psychologists working at the intersection of two applied disciplines in expert work are difficulties of a terminological and substantive nature, as well as understanding and implementing basic ethical principles and norms. Conclusions. Effective professional interaction and the resolution of ethical problems arising in the field of forensic psychological examination require active joint efforts of specialists in two fields - lawyers and psychologists both in terms of developing ethically sound interaction strategies and practical activities.

Оригинальная статья Введение. Статья ориентирована на выявление основных проблемных зон в структуре индивидуальных показателей и системы отношений подростков, сопровождающих криминализацию поведения, с целью дальнейшего повышения качества диагностики и коррекции их личностных особенностей. Методы исследования. В исследовании были изучены индивидуальные особенности 100 подростков, половина из которых имела явные признаки криминального поведения (учатся в специальных учреждениях закрытого типа или состоят на учете). В работе были проанализированы результаты семи методик, три из которых были адаптированы специально под цели исследования ненормативной выборки подростков. Это методики «Дом. Дерево. Человек» (ДДЧ), «Человек под дождем» (ЧП) и сочинение на тему «Моя жизнь», которые редко используются в массовых исследованиях. Результаты. По результатам работы делаются выводы об основных негативных и позитивных зонах развития подростков. К негативным зонам развития, выявленным с помощью адаптированных нами методик исследования, можно отнести выраженный конфликт между бессознательным и осознаваемым компонентом в области семейных отношений, ярко выраженные формы внешней мотивации, отсутствие ориентации на собственные потребности (низкий уровень выраженности), неумение оценивать свои внутренние ресурсы и возможности, отсутствие выраженного отношения к сложным социальным ценностям, снижение ориентации на отца.

Introduction. Modern psychological research requires constantly expanding the diagnostic apparatus which is transformed and supplemented depending on current issues of scientific and societal development. Among these diagnostic issues are problems associated with self-awareness and body awareness, with self-destruction and with human body boundaries, which underlie a person’s ideas about themselves. Materials and Methods. The 2022 study included 866 participants of both sexes, aged 13-41. Of these, 263 participants had various forms of deviant behavior, including self-destructive behavior. The control sample comprised several subgroups (respondents of different educational levels, age and lifestyle) and amounted to 603 people. Research methods included: specialized literature review, testing, and data interpretation and analysis. The study was based on the BIS created by I. Orbach and M. Mikulinser to study the emotional processes associated with a person’s attitude towards their body, as well as to identify markers of self-destructive and suicidal behavior. The mathematical statistics methods were as follows: principal component analysis with varimax rotation, Ward's method, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results. The obtained results revealed that factor and cluster organization of the questionnaire confirm the original author’s version and allow using not only the integral indicator but also subscale components such as bodily care, self-acceptance, body protection, hostility towards one’s body, risk-taking, tactile comfort, and distance control, all allowing for a more differentiated approach to assessing various behavioral deviations. Cronbach's α coefficient analysis (0.831) also confirmed the reliability of the BIS. Conclusion. An initial check of the BIS by main psychometric indicators reveals a possibility of using its Russian version to assess both individual bodily experiences and attitudes towards one’s body as a whole.

The non-invasive current stimulation protocol differs significantly between the brain and spinal cord, such that when comparing the two, there is a clear predominance of protocols using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the brain and of protocols using pulsed stimulation for the spinal cord (psSC). These protocols differ in their effects on the central nervous system and in such important parameters as stimulation intensity. In most cases, tDCS has a fixed amplitude for all subjects/patients, while psSC is usually chosen on a case-by-case basis, according to the thresholds of muscle responses. In our opinion, it is possible to use the experience of identifying thresholds during psSC to adjust the dose of the direct current for transcranial and transspinal electrical stimulation, an approach that may provide more homogeneous tDCS data.