Synthesis and characterization of graft copolymers from lignin and 2‐propenamide

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Abstract
Free radical polymerization of 2‐propenamide in the presence of lignin, anhydrous calcium chloride, and cericion in photolyzed dioxane solvent produces a reaction product containing lignin‐(1‐amidoethylene) graft copolymer. Up to 49 weight percent of the product is poly(1‐amidoethylene) homopolymer. Photolysis products of dioxane and the presence of anhydrous calcium chloride are critical to the reaction. A maximum yield of polymer is obtained when the dioxane solvent is irradiated for 3 h in a Pyrex vessel and the reaction mixture contains 2.0 weight percent calcium chloride. Aqueous size exclusion chromatography of reaction products shows that the molecular size of the lignin‐(2‐propenamide) reaction product is significantly greater than that of unreacted lignin, that the side chain and the lignin backbone migrate as one unit through the column, and that mixtures of lignin and poly(1‐amidoethylene) are easily separated by the chromatographic column.

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