Numerical Modeling and Optimization of Nomex Honeycomb Core Milling: Influence of Longitudinal and Longitudinal–Torsional Ultrasonic Vibrations

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Abstract
Nomex honeycomb structures (NHCs) have currently experienced significant development, mainly in the aeronautics, aerospace, marine, and automotive sectors. This expansion raises noteworthy challenges related to the improvement of machining excellence, necessitating the use of particular cutting tools and adapted techniques. With this in mind, experimental studies were conducted to analyze the specificities of Nomex honeycomb cores milling by integrating longitudinal ultrasonic vibrations along the cutting tool rotation axis (UCK). However, the high tool speed and the unreachability of the tool-workpiece interface complicate the direct observation of the cutting process. To overcome these challenges, a 3D numerical model was developed to simulate the milling of composite honeycomb structures by integrating longitudinal and longitudinal–torsional ultrasonic vibrations. This model was developed by Abaqus/Explicit software, version 2017. The obtained results indicate that the integration of longitudinal–torsional vibrations allows a reduction in cutting forces by up to 28%, a reduction in the accumulation of material in front of the cutting tool, with a maximum reduction of 30%, and an improvement in the quality of the machined surface.

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