Exfoliation of layered double hydroxides (LDHs): a new route to mineralize atmospheric CO 2

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Abstract
Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) of Mg–Al–Acetate (Mg/Al = 3) was prepared by an anion exchange method starting from a nitrate precursor. The high hydration energy of acetate was exploited to exfoliate LDH into nanosheets having a thickness of 2–3 nm. A colloidal suspension of LDH layers was freeze dried to retain the layers in the exfoliated state. Thermal decomposition of exfoliated LDH at 400 °C resulted in the mixed metal oxide having a surface area of 275 m2 g−1 which is higher than pristine LDH oxide (100 m2 g−1). This enhanced surface area of exfoliated LDH is responsible for a large amount of CO2 sorption (1.4 mmol g−1) at room temperature as compared to pristine LDH (0.63 mmol g−1). This enhanced CO2 uptake is equal to some of the porous solids at similar conditions. The combination of aqueous exfoliation and the freeze drying technique has resulted in the successful synthesis of a novel CO2 adsorption sorbent based on LDHs.

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