Remote Laboratory Based on FPGA Devices for Education 4.0

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Abstract
This paper reports a remote laboratory architecture for Education 4.0 applied to Digital Logic Design courses using FPGA devices. The development of the proposed architecture is based on embedded systems, in which the V-model methodology and an Internet of Things (IoT) technological environment are applied. Nine laboratory exercises were designed for the proposed remote laboratory. To evaluate learners’ acceptance of the remote laboratory, the Technology Acceptance Model was used. An evaluation instrument comprising six variables and 21 pre-coded items on a Likert scale was designed and administered to 28 learners via a survey. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients calculated for the six variables ranged from 0.72 to 0.91, suggesting adequate reliability of the evaluation instrument. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied, yielding a p-value below the significance threshold of 0.001, which indicates statistical support for learners’ acceptance of the remote laboratory. Smart citations: https://scite.ai/reports/10.61467/2007.1558.2026.v17i1.1173Dimensions.Open Alex.

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