Engineering Ordered‐Disordered Domains for High‐Performance Energy Storage in BCZT‐Based Relaxor Ferroelectrics

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Abstract
Dielectric capacitors have attracted considerable interest for energy storage applications owing to their ultra‐fast charge–discharge capabilities. However, the concurrent realization of high recoverable energy storage density ( W rec ) and energy efficiency ( η ) remains a persistent challenge. In this study, NaNbO 3 (NN) is introduced into the 0.85Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 Zr 0.1 Ti 0.9 O 3 –0.15Bi(Zn 2/3 Ta 1/3 )O 3 (BCZT–0.15BZT) lattice, resulting in the emergence of a unique structural feature identified as ordered–disordered domains ( O – DO – Ds ). Detailed analysis reveals that the ordered domains exhibit ferroelectric hysteresis behavior, consistent with previous reports, while the disordered domains play a critical role in enhancing both breakdown strength and energy storage efficiency. These improvements are primarily attributed to energy dissipation mechanisms and the stabilization of a triple‐phase coexistence. Additionally, the formation of defect dipoles and the presence of weakly coupled orthorhombic–tetragonal–cubic ( O–T–C ) asymmetric phases contribute synergistically to achieving high polarization and low hysteresis. Consequently, the optimized composition, (1‐ x )BCZT–0.15BZT– x NN with x = 0.15 exhibits an exceptionally high W rec of 9.12 J cm −3 and an η of 95.3%. These findings offer a promising and innovative strategy for the design of next‐generation high‐performance energy storage capacitors.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (52472132)

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