Ultrasonography for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: correlation of clinical symptoms, cross-sectional areas and electroneuromyography

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Abstract
This study evaluates the usefulness of ultrasonography in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The cross-sectional area of the median nerve was measured at the forearm and its entry into the carpal tunnel and compared with clinical symptoms and electroneuromyography. A total of 124 patients were examined, 77 patients with clinically confirmed CTS and 47 controls. A significant correlation was found between the ultrasonography cross-sectional area values at entry points into the carpal tunnel and electroneuromyography. The highest sensitivity (87%) and specificity (91%) for different cut-off values (8.5–12.5 mm2) of the cross-sectional area was for 11.5 mm2. The use of ultrasonography may provide a quick and reliable differential diagnostic tool for the primary diagnosis of CTS in patients with classical symptoms. Level of evidence: II

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