Geometry-Based Optimal Jammer Trajectory Design for Stable Jamming-to-Signal Ratio

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Abstract
In this paper, we propose an analytical geometry−based jammer trajectory optimization method that can maintain a stable Jamming-to-Signal (J/S) ratio. Maintaining a stable J/S ratio requires the interference signal to preserve a constant angular direction relative to the fixed sidelobe of the ground station. For this purpose, trajectory derivation is based on two geometric elements: a cone with its vertex at the ground station and a horizontal plane corresponding to the jammer’s operating altitude. The intersection of the two elements forms an ellipse, and the optimal jammer position is selected as the farthest point from the ground station to reduce detection risk. By connecting these points over time as the satellite moves, a jammer trajectory is obtained. Applying this procedure to different target sidelobe angles generates a set of candidate trajectories. Among these candidate trajectories, the optimal trajectory is selected based on a jamming performance criterion, defined as a mean J/S ratio of 0 dB with a standard deviation of 3 dB. The optimal jammer trajectory derivation is carried out under a free−space assumption, and the results are validated using STK simulations incorporating environmental effects. The J/S ratio results show that the optimal trajectories derived for each date satisfy the jamming performance criterion, with differences between the free-space-based model and STK results within 0.6 dB in the mean J/S ratio and 1.12 dB in the standard deviation. These results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively derive optimal trajectories that maintain a stable J/S ratio with low variation under realistic operational conditions.
Funding Information
  • Korea Research Institute for Defense Technology Planning and Advancement (KRIT-CT-22-021)

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