Functional MRI Evaluation of Tumor Response in Patients with Neuroendocrine Hepatic Metastasis Treated with Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization

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Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MRI changes in neuroendocrine tumors treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).MATERIALS AND METHODS. Sixty-six targeted lesions in 26 patients (18 men, eight women; mean age, 57 years) with hepatic metastasis of neuroendocrine tumors treated with TACE were retrospectively analyzed. MRI studies were performed before and after TACE. Imaging features included tumor size, percentage of enhancement in the arterial and portal venous phases, and diffusion-weighted imaging apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of the tumor, liver, and spleen. Tumor response to treatment was recorded according to World Health Organization criteria and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Liver function tests were performed, and clinical performance was assessed before and after treatment. Statistical analysis included paired Student's t tests and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.RESULTS. Mean tumor size and perce...

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