Plasma Enhanced Lithium Coupled with Cobalt Fibers Arrays for Advanced Energy Storage

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Abstract
Construction of high efficiency and stable Li metal anodes is extremely vital to the breakthrough of Li metal batteries. In this study, for the first time, groundbreaking in situ plasma interphase engineering is reported to construct high‐quality lithium halides‐dominated solid electrolyte interphase layer on Li metal to stabilize & protect the anode. Typically, SF6 plasma‐induced sulfured and fluorinated interphase (SFI) is composed of LiF and Li2S, interwoven with each other to form a consecutive solid electrolyte interphase. Simultaneously, brand‐new vertical Co fibers (diameter: ≈5 µm) scaffold is designed via a facile magnetic‐field‐assisted hydrothermal method to collaborate with plasma‐enhanced Li metal anodes (SFI@Li/Co). The Co fibers scaffold accommodates active Li with mechanical integrity and decreases local current density with good lithiophilicity and low geometric tortuosity, supported by DFT calculations and COMSOL Multiphysics simulation. Consequently, the assembled symmetric cells with SFI@Li/Co anodes exhibit superior stability over 525 h with a small voltage hysteresis (125 mV at 5 mA cm−2) and improved Coulombic efficiency (99.7%), much better than the counterparts. Enhanced electrochemical performance is also demonstrated in full cells with commercial cathodes and SFI@Li/Co anode. The research offers a new route to develop advanced alkali metal anodes for energy storage.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (52073252, 52103350, 52002052, U20A20253, 21972127, 22279116)
  • Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province (2023C01231)
  • State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials (SKL2021‐12)
  • Ministry of Education (KFM 202202)
  • Fuzhou University
  • Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application (Harbin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education (KFM 202202)
  • Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Q23E020046, LD22E020006, LY21E020005)

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