The Spectrum of Ocular Inflammation Caused by Euphorbia Plant Sap

Authors:
  • SASahar Al-Husainy
    Sahar Al-Husainy
  • MRMathew K. Raynor
    Mathew K. Raynor
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Abstract
THE FAMILY Euphorbiaceae includes trees, succulents, and herbaceous plants.1 Species of Euphorbia grow in all 5 continents, either wild or as cultivated specimens in the house or garden. The latex or sap of many Euphorbia plants is toxic, and may cause inflammation of skin1 and the eye2,3 on contact. Ocular inflammation varies from a mild conjunctivitis to severe keratouveitis, and there have been several case reports of permanent blindness resulting from accidental exposure to the sap.2-4 If the cornea is involved, changes generally follow a typical sequence, with worsening edema and epithelial sloughing on the second day.2,5 While the literature regarding ocular damage from Euphorbia sap is relatively sparse, it is becoming apparent that some species are more toxic than others. When treated early and managed appropriately, cases generally resolve without sequelae.2,5,6