The Agile Co-production and Evaluation (ACE) framework for developing public health interventions, messaging and guidance

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Abstract
A lesson identified from the COVID-19 pandemic is that we need to extend existing best practice for intervention development by establishing better methods of rapidly coproducing public health interventions and messaging to support all population groups to protect themselves and their communities, together with better methods of rapidly evaluating interventions to determine which are acceptable and effective. This paper describes the Agile Co-production and Evaluation (ACE) framework, which is intended to provide a focus for investigating new ways of rapidly developing effective interventions and messaging by combining co-production methods with large-scale testing and/or real-world evaluation. We briefly review some of the participatory, qualitative and quantitative methods that could potentially be combined and propose a research agenda to further develop, refine and validate packages of methods in a variety of public health contexts to determine which combinations are feasible, cost-effective and achieve the goal of improving health and reducing health inequalities.