A YA‐type cytoplasmic male‐sterile source in common wheat

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Abstract
A new cytoplasmic male‐sterile (CMS) system for hybrid wheat breeding, YA‐type CMS line with the cytoplasmic mutant from the common wheat variety ‘CA8057’, was developed by the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The pollen sterility of YA‐type CMS line was easily maintained but difficult to restore. Some sterile lines with desirable agronomic performance, such as msYA‐‘CA8057’ (BC17), msYA‐‘Yuandong 6’ (BC9), msYA‐‘Jin 411’ (BC9), msYA‐‘WL1’ (BC10), msYA‐‘Yanshi 9’ (BC10), msYA‐‘BPm16’ (BC9), msYA‐‘Jindong 8’ (BC9) and msYA‐‘Jinmai 33’ (BC9), were bred and a restorer line GR1 was screened with 26 new restorer lines being developed by transferring restorer genes from GR1. It was found that abnormal phenomena occurred at the uninucleate‐pollen stage and the abortive pollen was poor in starch content and other components. The variance analysis of agronomic traits in eight sterile lines indicated that there was no general negative effect of cytoplasm. The genetic analysis for fertility restoration showed that two pairs of independent major genes (designated YARf1YARf1YArf2YArf2) and some minor genes could be involved in the fertility restoration in restorer line GR1, and YARf1 was epistatic over YARf2 for the genetic effect of fertility restoration. As a new CMS system, the YA‐type CMS line was of potential value for hybrid wheat breeding and should be further studied.

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