Practical Application of the Similarity Law of Structures in the Reconstruction of the Surface Layer of Bricks

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Abstract
This paper discusses the results of experimental studies on the selection of the repair mixture compound for recreating the surface layer of the historical brick of the 18th century architectural monument “Commercial Bank” in Arkhangelsk. According to the research results, it was found that the historical brick has a relatively higher density and increased calcium content than the modern one. The characteristics of the surfaces of the analyzed materials based on the component indicators of specific surface energy showed that the brick of 1859, characterized by the highest degree of destruction, has the maximum value of the polar energy component. This fact may indicate a greater hydrophilicity of the surface in relation to atmospheric water and, as a result, a more intensive degradation process. It is established that the composition of the repair mixture with the addition of brick crumbs in the amount of 50 % has a value of the polar part of the surface tension equal to similar parameters for historical bricks (1786 and 1859) after their preliminary priming. The use of this mixture to recreate the surface layer of the brick will allow atmospheric water to pass freely through the repair compound and the body of the brick, without concentrating on the interface and without causing its destruction and detachment when drying.

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