Postoperative nausea and vomiting following thyroidectomy performed for thyroid carcinoma

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Abstract
Introduction. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remain a major issue, mainly for particular, high-risk patient populations undergoing surgical intervention for thyroid carcinoma. The objective was to evaluate PONV risk factors for non-smoking women under the age of 50 being operated on for thyroid carcinoma by total thyroidectomy. Materials and methods. Seventy non-smoking female patients, aged 18–50 years, undergoing surgical operation for thyroid carcinoma by total thyroidectomy were examined. The female patients were divided into groups based on PONV occurrence, with a subsequent prognostic significance evaluation of various risk factors accompanying this condition. On every occasion, integrated precautions, including dexamethasone and ondansetron, were carried out. Results . The findings identified an examined case frequency of 51.4% for nausea and 35.7% for vomiting. The impact of age, ASA score, BMI category, surgery duration, and intraoperative fentanyl dosage on the determined frequency was not detected. The premedication type demonstrated statistically considerable prognostic value at or above the average. The use of taphalgine versus trimeperidine resulted in the odds of nausea reduction by a factor of 5.45 (OR 0.183; 95% CI: 0.066–0.510; AUC 0.700; 95% CI: 0.578–0.822; p < 0.001) and vomiting by 3.19 (OR 0.314; 95% CI: 0.112–0.879; AUC 0.640; 95% CI: 0.501–0.779; p = 0.026). Conclusions . The premedication type may affect the PONV incidence among non-smoking females under the age of 50 being operated on for thyroid carcinoma by total thyroidectomy.

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