Effect of rubber matrix type on the morphology and reinforcement effects in carbon black‐nanoclay hybrid composites—A comparative assessment

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Abstract
Carbon black (B)–nanoclay (NC) hybrid composites, based on millable polyurethane and brominated isoprene isobutylene rubber (BIIR), were prepared. The carbon black loading was fixed at 20 phr and organically modified sodium montmorillonite clay loading varied from 5 to 20 phr in each rubber compounds. The nanocomposites were prepared in laboratory by mixing two‐roll mill. The state of dispersion of the layered silicate was studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and TEM results indicated intercalation of PU and BIIR into the silicate interlayers, followed by exfoliation of the silicate layers into the elastomer matrices. However, the level of intercalation and exfoliation varied considerably with the type of elastomer. The reinforcing effects obtained were found to depend strongly on the extent and degree of the dispersion of the carbon black and silicate layers into the rubber matrices. Mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties were evaluated for each composite. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers

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