How Does Environmental elements Shape Shared Mobility Adoption?

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Abstract
Supply–demand imbalance in bike-sharing systems undermines satisfaction. This preliminary study presents a micro-level explanation through a conceptual model that integrates the Attention Restoration Theory, Theory of Planned Behavior, cognitive appraisal theory, and environmental psychology. A cross-sectional survey (n = 186) was conducted using a self-designed questionnaire and analyzed with PLS-SEM. Findings indicate that built-environment perceptions affect adoption intention through sequential perceptual appraisals and subsequent attitudes toward shared parking facilities. Cycling infrastructure quality is a key driver, showing both direct effects and indirect effects mediated by perceived vehicle availability and perceived accessibility to parking lots. Attitude significantly mediates environmental influences, explaining 68.7 % of the variance in adoption intention. The results clarify psychological mechanisms and support operators’ demand-management and targeted environmental interventions to improve user satisfaction.

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