Breeding use of collection samples of citrus fruits from the gene pool of the federal research center "Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences"

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Abstract
The article presents a genetic collection of citrus crops formed in the humid subtropics of Russia on the basis of the Federal Research Center "Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Sochi. The gene pool includes 142 varieties of cultivated species and relatives of citrus fruits: C. medica L; C. reticulate Blan.; C. lemon Burm; C. paradise Macf; C. maxima Burm; C. sinensis Osb; C. aurantium L.; C. reshni Tan.; Fortunella SW; C. trifoliate Raf.; C. icchangensis Swi.; C. × insitorum Mabb.; C. hystrix DC, etc. The collection was analyzed and 19 valuable sources of economically significant traits with increased sensitivity to regional stressors were identified. The selected sources are included in a selective process in order to synthesize new genotypes with improved significant properties. 45 crossing combinations were carried out, 28 promising forms of different directions were isolated from the environment of hybrids. Early-ripening (II decade of october), mid-season (I decade of november), late-ripening (II-III decade of december) genotypes have been bred, undersized (1.5-2.5 m) forms have been identified. Forms were identified as candidates for varieties with a good yield from 5.0 to 5.6 kg/tree. Samples for ornamental gardening are presented: C. × bergamia, C. × bergamia var. Melarosa, C. × limetta, C. × limonelloides, C. × aurantium myrtifolia Cinotto are also hybrid forms 209-1; 2002-1; Ш18-sp.

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