PROPHYLACTIC EFFICACY OF GLYCOSIDES RICH STANDARDIZED FENUGREEK SEED EXTRACT ON EXPERIMENTAL RENAL INTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS IN MICE

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Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the effects of glycosides-rich standardized fenugreek seed extract (SFSE-G) in a mouse model of “unilateral ureteral obstruction” (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis. Methods: UUO was performed in 32 female mice (C57BL/6 strain) and randomized into groups of eight mice each. A separate group of eight mice (sham control) underwent sham operation with no UUO surgery. Mice were orally administered vehicle (distilled water) or SFSE-G at doses of 30, 60, or 100 mg/kg twice daily for 13 days. Various biochemical, histological, and gene expression-related measurements were conducted on day 14 after euthanasia, and body weights were measured daily. Results: Subacute oral administration of SFSE-G showed dose-dependent significance (p<0.05, P<0.01) to reduce UUO-induced elevation of blood urea nitrogen levels and attenuated histopathological changes, including tubular injury and collagen deposition. Quantitative PCR revealed that SFSE-G downregulated oxidative stress-and fibrosis-related gene expression of markers such as “α-smooth muscle action”, “nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2”, and “heme oxygenase-1”. Although SFSE-G-treated mice showed a downward trend against UUO-induced increases in hydroxyproline content and gene expression of “transforming growth factor-β1” and tissue inhibitor of collagen type 1 and metalloproteinase-1, the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: SFSE-G exerts fibrosis preventive and renoprotective effects in UUO-induced renal fibrosis, probably by modulating oxidative stress and fibrotic pathways.

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