Trans and conjugated fatty acids in milk from cows and goats consuming pasture or receiving vegetable oils or seeds

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Abstract
This review summarises the effects of nutritional factors on fat content, different isomers of trans 18:1 and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) in milk fat from dairy cows and goats. Main dietary factors taken into account are the nature of forages and pasture, and supplementation with oil seeds, vegetable or marine oils. The effects of interactions between the nature of forages and lipid supplements in cows or goats are reviewed with particular attention. Lipid supplements could highly increase mean trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) and cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in ruminant milk fat, and interact with the quantity of concentrate in the diet or the type of preserved forage. Vegetable or fish oil supplementation increased milk cis-9, trans-11 CLA up to 4% (in total milk fatty acids (FA)). The content of copper or vitamin E in the diet could modify the milk percentage of TVA and cis-9, trans-11 CLA. Other isomers of trans-18:1 (e.g. trans-10) and CLA (e. g. cis-11, trans-13 or trans-11, trans-13 or trans-7,... RiassuntoQuesta rassegna bibliografica affronta il tema degli effetti dei fattori nutrizionali sul contenuto di diversi isomeri trans 18:1 e di coniugati dell’acido linoleico (CLA) nel grasso del latte vaccino e caprino. I principali fattori alimentari presi in considerazione sono il tipo di foraggio e di pascolo e l’integrazione con semi oleosi e oli vegetali o di pesce. La rassegna approfondisce in special modo gli effetti dell’interazione tra il tipo di foraggio e la diversa integrazione lipidica in vacche e capre. L’integrazione con fonti lipidiche può aumentare notevolmente il contenuto medio di acido trans-vaccenico (TVA)

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