Update on kidney injury caused by multiple myeloma

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Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a form of clonal plasma cell malignancy that associates with clinical manifestations such as anemia, hypercalcemia, bone pain, and renal impairment. Approximately 20–50% of MM patients at initial diagnosis experience renal injury, a vital complication that significantly influences prognosis and quality of life. This review seeks to clarify the multifaceted mechanisms of renal injury in MM, scrutinizing the pathogenic role of monoclonal proteins, the impact of hypercalcemia, and direct renal infiltration by plasma cells. Furthermore, it evaluates current diagnostic approaches, reviews management strategies, and highlights potential avenues for future research. By incorporating the latest scientific evidence and insights, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of MM-associated renal impairment, offering a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians in handling this complex complication.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (82360148, 82300805)
  • Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department (QKHPTRC2018-5636-2; QKHCG2023-ZD010)
  • Basic Research Plan of Guizhou Province in 2023 ((QKH-ZK[2023] General 218)
  • Talent Fund of Guizhou provincial People’s Hospital ([2022]-1)

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