Effect of palatoplasty on speech, dental occlusion issues and upper dental arch in children and adolescents with cleft palate: an integrative literature review

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Abstract
Purpose: to compile acquired knowledge related to speech, maxillary growth, dental arch and dental occlusion issues of subjects with cleft palate (associated or not with cleft lip), relating them to the found structural and morphological changes, along with time of surgery and surgical technique employed in palatoplasty. Methods: a search was carried out on four databases, namely: PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE, between May and August, 2018. The following descriptors, in Portuguese and in their corresponding terms in English, were used: cleft palate, speech, oral surgery or palatoplasty, teeth or dental arch. Results: altogether, 92 articles were found in the four databases. Eleven articles met the established selection criteria, thus, included in this review. According to the findings, the palatoplasty surgical technique influences speech, maxillary growth and dental occlusal issues; however, it is still unclear which technique is more beneficial to the subjects with cleft palate. Conclusion: results found in these 11 studies are divergent in regard to the surgical technique which most favors the development of speech, dental arches and maxillary growth. Therefore, it is important that new researches be carried out relating the aspects of speech, facial growth, dental occlusion and dental arch in the subjects with cleft palate, to the technique and the time of palatoplasty.

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