Violet photobiomodulation: biological effects and health implications

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Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM), presents a viable therapeutic modality for a range of medical conditions, leveraging specific wavelengths to target various clinical outcomes. Despite its potential, significant variability in dosimetric parameters, application methods, and treatment protocols persists across the literature, complicating standardization and efficacy assessment. This review aims to consolidate current findings on the effects of Violet light PBM, to inform clinical practice, identify inconsistencies, and highlight areas necessitating further investigation. We systematically searched several databases, including the Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Lilacs, Periódicos Capes, and Scielo in January 2024, applying rigorous selection criteria to identify relevant studies. From this search, 51 studies met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to a qualitative synthesis. Violet light PBM has shown notable efficacy in microbial eradication and holds promise for applications such as wound healing, neurogenesis, myopia correction, acne treatment, and vasodilation. The findings from this review underscore the therapeutic potential of Violet light PBM across various medical applications. However, the existing body of research, predominantly composed of in vitro studies, highlights the necessity for more robust pre-clinical and clinical investigations to establish standardized protocols and ensure consistent, reliable outcomes in clinical settings. Further research will be pivotal in bridging the gap between experimental results and practical, evidence-based medical interventions.

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