Tribological Performance of EP Additives in Different Base Oils

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Abstract
Extreme pressure (EP) additives are used when components are operated under extreme pressure. This work studies the effect of base oils on the tribological performance of EP additives. The difference between the adsorbability of the EP additives and that of base oils dominates the mutual compatibility and performance of the EP additive. When used, the EP additive forms a saturation layer on the rubbing surfaces. The concentration of EP additive in the saturation layer exceeds the additive concentration in the lubricants. Therefore, during operation, the protecting layer can reduce the contacting stress of rubbing surfaces by chemical and physical methods to prevent local plastic deformation from inducing serious wear. Under the harshest conditions, the immediate formation of films in a chemical reaction is important when plastic deformation of the contact region cannot be avoided. The high rate of formation of chemical films can prevent direct metal-to-metal contacts to reduce wear.

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