Effect of 24‐hour whole‐blood storageon plasma clotting factors

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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The current requirements for the preparation of fresh‐frozen plasma within 8 hours of whole‐blood collection were designed to maintain clotting factor activities. These requirements, however, limit the production of fresh‐frozen plasma in a large blood center. There are few data on the effect of the extension of CPD whole‐blood storage to 24 hours on clotting factor activity.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A 500‐mL unit of whole blood was collected from 10 volunteer donors. At 1 hour after collection, a plasma sample was separated by centrifugation, and each unit was equally divided into 2 half‐units, with 1 half‐unit stored at 4°C (range, 1‐6°C) and 1 half‐unit stored at 22 °C (range, 20‐24°C) for 8 hours after collection. Each half‐unit was then placed at 4°C for further storage for 16 hours. At 8 and 24 hours after collection, plasma samples were separated from each half‐unit. All plasma samples were frozen at –18°C. Factors V, VII, VIII, and X; fibrinogen; antithrombin III; protein C; and protein S were measured.RESULTS: No significant changes were noted in factors V, VII, and X; fibrinogen; antithrombin III; protein C; and protein S over the 24‐hour storage period. Factor VIII in both half‐units was significantly reduced, by 13 percent, from the baseline sample as compared to the level in the 8‐hour storage sample (pCONCLUSION: The coagulation factor activity for all factors measured, with the exception of factor VIII, showed no significant change over the 24‐hour storage period. Factor VIII was significantly decreased by 13 percent in 8‐hour storage and by an additional 15 to 20 percent in 24‐hour storage. For clinical situations not requiring the replacement of factor VIII only, 24‐hour frozen plasma has properties comparable to those of fresh‐frozen plasma.

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