Accuracy assessment of the “Multirek" optical navigation system during simulated spinal surgical interventions

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Abstract
Background. Navigation systems today have become an integral part of most neurosurgical interventions, including those on the spine. Aim. Development of a methodology for laboratory testing of the accuracy of navigation systems during surgical interventions on the spine and its evaluation for the domestic optical frameless navigation system “Multitrack”. Materials and methods. Using enbalmed human specimens, a posterior approach to the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine was simulated. In each part of the spine, titanium miniscrews were implanted in the area of anatomical structures (target points) that were most significant when performing neurosurgical interventions on the spine. Next, a series of experimental measurements of navigation accuracy were performed to determine the system error in the axial and sagittal planes. Results. The average registration error was 0.3 [0.21; 0.43] mm. Statistical analysis showed the absence of a linear correlation between the magnitude of the registration error and the error in hitting the target points, both in the axial (r = 0.125; 95 % confidence interval 0.016–0.242; р = 0.03) and sagittal (r = 0.113; 95 % confidence interval –0.003…0.222; р = 0.051) planes. The average error in hitting the target points was 0.7 [0.4; 1.0] mm in the axial plane and 0.6 [0.3; 1.0] mm – in the sagittal. Conclusion. In a series of experiments, the Multitrack navigation system demonstrated accuracy sufficient to perform most vertebrological surgical interventions.

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