EMS (Electro-magnetic Suspension) maglev vehicles rely on actively controlled electromagnetic attraction for levitation. In the event of a failure, the levitation frame falls and collides with the track, subjecting the bolts at the support skid positions to shear forces and creating safety risks. Finite element models of the levitation frame and track were established, and the contact relationships between structural components were considered in the model. The transient dynamic behavior of the fall collision was simulated using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, with a focus on analyzing the collision strength of the bolts, and structural optimization was implemented to enhance bolt protection. Research results indicate that during collision events, bolts at the support skid positions bear the primary impact load. The peak equivalent stress on bolts at both bottom and top positions exceeds 650[ ]MPa, with over 90% of bolts experiencing maximum stress surpassing allowable limits, rendering them critically vulnerable. By adding key connections, the stress state of bolts was optimized, with the contact forces and equivalent stresses significantly decreased, reducing the number of bolts exceeding allowable stress by 60%, thereby effectively ensuring bolts safety.