The Prophylactic Effect of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid and Salazosulphapyridine on Degraded-Carrageenan-Induced Colitis in Guinea Pigs

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Abstract
Experimental colitis was induced in guinea pigs by administration of 5% degraded carrageenan for 5 days. The prophylactic effect of a slow-release preparation of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA; 13 mg/100 g per day) was compared with approximately equimolar amounts of salazosulfapyridine (SASP; 26 mg/100 g per day) and placebo. Treatment was started 2 days before initiation of carrageenan administration. The drugs were administered through a chronic gastric fistula. At the end of the study concentrations of 5-ASA and acetylated 5-ASA (Ac-5-ASA) in cecal contents and in plasma were determined. In the placebo group, all guinea pigs developed many small punctiform ulcerations in the cecum (median, 30/cm2). In the 5-ASA group no protective effect was demonstrated, since the number of ulcerations was 37/cm2. The difference is not statistically significant. However, the SASP group presented significantly fewer ulcerations (4/cm2). The concentrations of 5-ASA and/or its acetylated metabolite were several times higher in the cecum content and twice as high in plasma in the SASP group, indicating a difference in the absorption patterns of 5-ASA and the 2 drugs. These results and the etiological difference between the human ulcerative colitis and the carrageenan model may account for the lack of prophylactic effect of the slow-release 5-ASA in this experiment.

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