Velocity Tracking for Flow Monitoring and Production Profiling Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing

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Abstract
In this paper, we will share the recent work that was done to understand how bulk flow rates and fluid composition may be derived in single-phase and multi-phase flow by tracking the slopes (velocities) of coherent features detected using Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS). Both laboratory experiments and real field examples will be presented to demonstrate how velocity features can be detected and attributed to events such as slug flow or sound waves. Speed of Sound (SoS) analysis can in principle be used for determining changes in the fluid composition in multiphase flows, which provides opportunities to detect fluid interfaces and water or gas breakthrough. On the other hand, slowly moving features such as slugs or turbulent eddies can be used to derive bulk flow velocities, which may be used for injection or production profiling. The evaluation method directly derives velocities by Fourier transforming the raw DAS data in the temporal and spatial domains without applying any calibration steps. It can therefore be used to monitor flow in wells on a drive-by or continuous basis without a need for reference flow data.

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