A Blockchain‐Based Proxy Re‐Encryption Scheme With Cryptographic Reverse Firewall for IoV

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Abstract
As the internet of vehicles (IoV) technology develops, it promotes the intelligent interaction among vehicles, roadside units, and the environment. Nevertheless, it also brings vehicle information security challenges. In recent years, vehicle data sharing is suffering to algorithm substitution attacks (ASA), which means backdoor adversaries can carry out filtering attacks through data sharing. Therefore, this paper designs a blockchain‐based proxy re‐encryption (PRE) scheme with cryptographic reverse firewall (BIBPR‐CRF) for IoV. In our proposal, CRF can promise the internal safety of vehicle units. More specifically, it can prevent ASA attacks while ensuring chosen plaintext attack (CPA)‐security. Meanwhile, the PRE algorithm can provide the confidential sharing and secure operation of data. Moreover, we use a consortium blockchain service center (CBSC) to store the first ciphertext and re‐encrypt it with smart contracts on the blockchain, which can avoid single point of failure and achieve higher efficiency compared to proxy servers. Finally, we evaluate the performance of BIBPR‐CRF with regard to communication cost, computational cost, and energy consumption. Our proposal is the most fitting for IoV application, in contrast with the other three schemes.

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