AttenuatedSalmonellaengineered to produce human cytokine LIGHT inhibit tumor growth

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Abstract
Intravenously administered bacteria reportedly accumulate in tumors. Furthermore, systemic administration of attenuatedSalmonella typhimuriumhas little or no significant side-effects in humans. Consequently, we engineered such bacteria to improve their oncolytic activity by stably inserting a gene encoding LIGHT, a cytokine known to promote tumor rejection. Unlike control bacteria, attenuatedS. typhimuriumexpressing LIGHT inhibited growth of primary tumors, as well as the dissemination of pulmonary metastases, in various mouse tumor models employing murine carcinoma cell lines in immunocompetent mice. Antitumor activity was achieved without significant toxicity and was associated with infiltration of inflammatory cells and dependent on the LIGHT receptors, herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), and lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR). These findings provide evidence that nonvirulent bacteria can be exploited as targeting vehicles for local generation of therapeutic proteins in tumors.

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