New data on the evolution of Lake Khanka and the formation of onshore bars at its western coast in the late Holocene are discussed in the paper. The late Subatlantic age of the bars and climatic conditions of their formation have been established. In the middle Holocene (SA II), the climate was warm and Lake Khanka was in the transgressive phase. Its level was 0.8–1 m higher than at present. At the end of the Subatlantic period (SA III), when the climatic conditions were cooler, regression of the lake began and continues up to now. The spore-pollen samples of different genesis taken near the studied section were examined for the more reliable interpretation of paleoclimatic events.