Long-Term Effects of Professional and Non-professional Support on a Healthy Lifestyle Following Bariatric Surgeries

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Abstract
Background Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m2, is a global health crisis with severe physical and mental health implications. While bariatric surgery offers the most effective solution for severe obesity, long-term success depends on sustained behavioral changes and support (non-professional and professional). This study explores the role of support in promoting a healthy lifestyle after surgery. Methods This study surveyed 211 individuals, aged 18–65, who had bariatric surgery more than 2 years ago, using random selection. Data were collected via phone interviews, ensuring anonymity. Questionnaires assessed healthy lifestyle (physical activity and nutrition) as well as professional and non-professional support participants received. Analysis methods encompassed χ2 tests, Pearson correlations, t-tests, and multiple regressions for predicting a healthy lifestyle. Results Most participants underwent sleeve gastrectomy with varied BMIs (17–47), and only 19.4% had a healthy weight. Two-thirds engaged in physical activities, with generally healthy diets. While 78.7% received post-surgery support, most of this support was provided by surgeons. However, less than half had access to professional psychological support or participated in non-professional support, such as joining support groups. Regression models showed that support significantly predicted nutrition but not physical activity level. However, years from surgery were also an important predictor with the overall model predicting 2% (general nutrition—not appropriate) to 12% (bariatric nutrition) of healthy lifestyle variability. Conclusions Most participants sought surgical consultation early post-surgery, but long-term follow-up and engagement with professional services were low. Support from dietitians or psychologists was linked to improved nutritional outcomes, highlighting the importance of sustained professional guidance.

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