A Low-RCS Reflectarray Antenna Designed With 3-D Frequency-Selective Structures for C/X-Bands

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Abstract
This work introduces a dual-band reflectarray antenna with low out-of-band radar cross section (RCS), which is constructed with three-dimensional frequency selective structures (3-D FSS) elements. The element comprises two parts in serial: a single short-ended slot to provide required phase shifts and a cascaded short-ended slot loaded with resistors to absorb out-of-band incident waves. Two 3-D FSS element arrays arranged in two orthogonal directions operate independently in the C-band and X-band, respectively, achieving dual-band responses. A prototype of the proposed reflectarray antenna was designed, simulated, fabricated and measured. Both simulations and measurements demonstrate that the antenna can achieve a pencil-beam radiation pattern at both C band and X band. At C band, the antenna achieves an aperture efficiency of 55.1% and a directivity of 24.6 dBi, while at X band, it achieves an aperture efficiency up to 56% and a directivity of 29.8 dBi. Furthermore, the proposed antenna demonstrates RCS reduction over 10 dB compared to a PEC of equivalent size, reaching up to 146.5% and 148.4% bandwidth for TE- and TM-polarized incidences, respectively.
Funding Information
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFE0205900)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (62071243)
  • Macao Science and Technology Development Fund through FDCT, Macao, SAR (2021YFE0205900)
  • Macao Science and Technology Development Fund through FDCT, Macao, SAR (62071243)
  • Macao Science and Technology Development Fund through FDCT, Macao, SAR (0085/2020/AMJ)

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