Wilhelm Röpke (1899–1966) studied in detail the process of deglobalization experienced during the period from World War I to World War II (between 1914 and 1945). A comprehensive theory of international economic integration can be developed from his contributions. The current international context has brought these writings back to the forefront. In particular, since the onset of the Great Recession (2008), many scholars have discussed the possibility that the international economy has entered a new phase of deglobalization. The tragic events of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine may have accelerated any deglobalization. The aim of this chapter is to present Röpke's theory of international economic integration and to use this theory to interpret the contemporary context.