Vertically aligned liquid crystals on a γ-Al2O3 alignment film using ion-beam irradiation

Using ion-beam (IB) irradiation, liquid crystals (LCs) were vertically aligned (VA) on a $\gamma {\text{-Al}}_2{\text{O}}_3$ alignment film. Atomic-layer deposition was used to orient the LCs on high-quality $\gamma {\text{-Al}}_2{\text{O}}_3$ alignment films. The LC molecule orientation indicates the vertical direction of the atomic-layer-deposited $\gamma {\text{-Al}}_2{\text{O}}_3$ alignment films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that IB irradiation changed the chemical structure, shifting the Al–O binding energy and altering the Al–O bonding intensity. The low-voltage transmittance characteristics of the VA LC displays on the $\gamma {\text{-Al}}_2{\text{O}}_3$ alignment films were also measured, showing reduced voltage and power requirements.