Seeding Speed, Graphite, and Cover Crops on Plantability and Soybean Yield

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Abstract
To achieve the productive potential of a cultivar, it is essential to consider several factors while planning and implementing a crop in the field, with appropriate seeding speed being crucial to avoid double and missed spacings. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of different seeding speeds, cover crops, and the use of graphite on the plantability and yield of soybeans. A mounted 3-row seeder-fertilizer with 0.45 m spacing between rows, equipped with 45-hole alveolar discs and a smooth 3 mm ring, set to deliver 10 seeds m-1, was utilized. Black oat and rye were tested as cover crops; seeds with and without graphite were compared, as well as three seeding speeds (3, 5, and 7 km h-1). The results indicated that with the increase in seeding speed, the distribution of plants is negatively affected. A speed of 7 km h-1 had a negative impact on yield, and the non-use of graphite resulted in the worst plantability, as it decreased the percentage of acceptable spacing and increased the percentage of double and missed spacings.

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