Two‐dimensional differential gel electrophoresis/analysis of diethylnitrosamine induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma

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Abstract
Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is a known carcinogen that can alkylate DNA molecules. In rats, DEN‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model is well established. In this study, we used a two‐dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D‐DIGE) system and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry to identify the differential expression protein profiles between the DEN‐induced HCC and healthy liver cells. Western blotting and semiquantitative RT‐PCR were used to further confirm the results. Seventeen differentially expressed spots were identified in DEN‐induced HCC cells. Among all, the most prominent upregulated proteins include the members of the glutathione S‐transferase super family, aldo‐keto reductase superfamily and proteins involved in the response to oxidative stress. Downregulation was observed in 2 proteins that were known to contribute to hepatic dysfunction. This study provides the first comprehensive protein profiling of the DEN‐induced HCC in rats. This model simulates the differential protein expression of human HCC and may be useful for further understanding the mechanism of HCC tumorigenesis.

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