Quality of cold and warm gutta‐percha fillings in oval canals in mandibular premolars

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Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the quality of cold and warm gutta‐percha fillings in oval canals.Methodology: Two groups of mandibular premolars with oval canals were selected after bucco‐lingual and mesio‐distal radiographs indicated an internal long : short diameter of ≥1.6 at a level 5 mm from the apex. After instrumentation they were obturated, respectively, by cold lateral compaction of gutta‐percha cones (cold GP) and vertical compaction of warm gutta‐percha (warm GP). Leakage along apical root fillings was measured using a fluid transport model. After the leakage test, horizontal sections were cut 2 and 4 mm from the apex. The area of the canal and gutta‐percha in cross‐sections was measured using an image analysis program. The quality of root fillings was evaluated by calculating the percentage of gutta‐percha‐filled canal area (PGP).Results: No significant difference in leakage was found between the two groups (P = 0.570). The warm GP group produced significantly higher PGPs than the cold GP group 4 mm from the apex only (P = 0.522 at 2 mm; P = 0.000 at 4 mm).Conclusions: The percentage of gutta‐percha‐filled canal area using warm GP was greater than that of the cold GP in oval canals.

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