Effect of resin hydrophilicity on water‐vapour permeability of dental adhesive films

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Abstract
This study examined the water‐vapour permeability of thin polymerized resin films fabricated from five co‐monomer blends of increasing degrees of hydrophilicity, as measured by their Hoy's solubility parameters. Neat resin films were prepared from five experimental light‐curable resins (n = 10). Each film was mounted in a Fisher permeability cup with 8 g of water placed inside the cup. The experiments were conducted in a modified twin‐outlet desiccator connected to a vacuum pump in one outlet to permit a continuous airflow to encourage water evaporation. Weight losses by water evaporation were measured at 3, 6, 9, 24, 30, and 48 h by using an analytical balance. Additional resin films were examined by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after immersion in ammoniacal silver nitrate. A significant correlation was observed between the cumulative water loss at 48 h and the Hoy's total cohesive energy density (δt). Transmission electron microscopy revealed silver‐filled channels along film peripheries and silver grains of decreasing dimensions toward the film centres in co‐monomer blends 3, 4, and 5 of increasing hydrophilicity. Hydrophilic dentin adhesives polymerized in thin films are prone to water loss by evaporation. This probably accounts for the water droplets seen on the surface of vital‐bonded dentin after the application of simplified dentin adhesives.

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