Experimental Human Challenge Defines Distinct Pneumococcal Kinetic Profiles and Mucosal Responses between Colonized and Non-Colonized Adults

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Abstract
Occurrence of lower respiratory tract infections requires prior colonization of the upper respiratory tract with a pathogen. Most bacterial infection and colonization studies have been performed in murine and in vitro models due to the current invasive sampling methodology of the upper respiratory tract, both of which poorly reflect the complexity of host-pathogen interactions in the human nose.
Funding Information
  • Wellcome Trust (104936/Z/14/Z)
  • UKRI | Medical Research Council (MR/M011569/1)
  • Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1117728)

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