HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING FOR DETECTION OF POTATO VIRUSES IN NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

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Abstract
This study explores the use of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies to identify and analyze potato viruses in Northern Kazakhstan, enhancing our understanding of viral impacts on agriculture. Focusing on viruses like Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus M (PVM), and Potato virus S (PVS), the research demonstrates HTS's effectiveness in detecting and detailing these pathogens. The study's goal is to apply HTS for a comprehensive examination of viral populations that affect potato crops in Northern Kazakhstan, an area where potato production is crucial but faces challenges from viral diseases. The research involved collecting leaf samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic potato plants across different regions of Northern Kazakhstan, using a standardized RNA extraction method to ensure high-quality RNA. This RNA was then processed into cDNA and sequenced using the Oxford Nanopore MinION platform, focusing on capturing detailed viral sequences for analysis. The results detail the identification and genetic analysis of four key potato viruses. The data showed high genomic coverage for all studied viruses, ensuring reliable detection and comprehensive analysis. The discussion highlights how HTS allows for the detailed characterization of viral infections, including mixed infections. It points out the benefits of this technology over traditional methods, such as its ability to detect low-abundance viruses and to provide rapid, accurate results that can inform crop management strategies. Concluding, the study reaffirms the value of HTS in modern plant pathology, particularly for its high sensitivity and specificity in detecting plant viruses. The findings advocate for broader use of HTS to improve the management of potato viruses, which is crucial for enhancing crop yields and food security in Kazakhstan and similar regions.

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