Hydrodynamical Simulation of Wind Production from Hot Accretion Flows in Tidal Disruption Events

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Abstract
Wind is a key mechanism for supermassive black hole (SMBH) feedback to their host galaxies. In tidal disruption events (TDEs), black holes spend most of their time accreting at highly sub-Eddington rates, implying that feedback from persistent sub-Eddington winds could be significant. We investigate the effects of black hole mass, viscosity parameter, and stellar debris temperature on the properties of winds from hot accretion flows in TDEs. We find that more massive black holes yield a higher accreted fraction and launch faster winds, while the debris temperature has a negligible influence on the accretion flow. For α = 0.1, the mildly relativistic unbound winds (∼0.1 c ) are launched predominantly from the outside of the accretion flows along the equatorial plane, with a kinetic energy of ∼10 −4 L Edd . In contrast, convective bound outflows dominate for α = 0.01, which differs from the true winds typically seen in active galactic nucleus and X-ray binaries. Potential applications for explaining delayed radio brightening in TDEs at ∼10 3 days and for searching for intermediate-mass black holes through radio and X-ray surveys are also discussed.
Funding Information
  • MOST ∣ National Natural Science Foundation of China (12433005)
  • National SKA Program of China (2025SKA0130100)
  • MOST ∣ National Natural Science Foundation of China (12192220)
  • MOST ∣ National Natural Science Foundation of China (12192223)

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