Metronidazole and amoxicillin as adjuncts to scaling and root planing for the treatment of type 2 diabetic subjects with periodontitis: 1‐year outcomes of a randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial

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Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the use of metronidazole (MTZ) + amoxicillin (AMX) as adjuncts to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of chronic periodontitis (ChP) in type 2 diabetic subjects.Material and Methods: Fifty‐eight type 2 diabetic subjects (n = 29/group) with generalized ChP were randomly assigned to receive SRP alone or with MTZ [400 mg/thrice a day (TID)]+AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Subgingival biofilm samples were analyzed byqPCRfor the presence of seven periodontal pathogens. Subjects were monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months post‐therapies.Results: The group receivingSRP+MTZ+AMXpresented greater mean probing depth (PD) reduction and clinical attachment gain, a lower number of sites withPD≥5 mm (primary outcome variable) and a reduced number of subjects with ≥9 of these residual pockets than the control group at 1‐year post‐therapy (p < 0.05). The antibiotic‐treated group also presented reduced levels and greater decreases of the three red complex species,Eubacterium nodatumandPrevotella intermedia,compared to the control group at 1 year (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The adjunctive use ofMTZ+AMXsignificantly improved the clinical and microbiological outcomes ofSRPin the treatment of type 2 diabetic subjects with ChP.
Funding Information
  • São Paulo Research Foundation (2013/01072-5)

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