Non-diffracting reconfigurable orbital angular momentum holography

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Abstract
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) holography exploits an unbounded set of orthogonal OAM states, in principle offering high information capacity for data storage and optical encryption. However, diffraction-induced degradation away from the focal plane restricts conventional OAM holography to a shallow depth of field, so high-fidelity reconstruction is achieved only near focus. Here, we demonstrate a propagation-stable OAM holography scheme based on angular-spectrum engineering. A specially designed annular mask constrains the output wavevectors to a conical geometry on the Ewald sphere, extending the usable depth of field from 0.8 cm (conventional OAM holography) to ∼40 cm. Within this reconfigurable framework, we prescribe an axially varying OAM modulation m ( z ) to enable stepwise longitudinal decoding of distinct images. We further demonstrate two-parameter addressing, in which multiplexed patterns are retrieved by a key pair consisting of the incident OAM state l in and the selected axial segment, and the intended pattern is recovered only for the matching pair. Experimentally, the correctly addressed reconstructions achieve a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) exceeding 0.94 relative to the target patterns. These results establish a non-diffracting, reconfigurable OAM holography platform that offers a tunable depth of field and axial selectivity, with potential applications in optical encryption, displays, and high-capacity data storage.
Funding Information
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFA1406903)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (12374307)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (12234009)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (12427808)

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