A VO 2 -based terahertz broadband absorption and polarization conversion metasurface

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Abstract
This work investigates a switchable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ). Through temperature-induced modulation of the VO 2 conductivity, reversible switching between broadband absorption and polarization conversion was achieved. The properties of the designed metasurface were analyzed using CST simulations. When VO 2 is in the metallic phase, the proposed metasurface achieves an absorptivity above 90% over 1.80–4.40 THz, with a corresponding relative bandwidth of 83.9%. Moreover, stable absorption is maintained over wide ranges of polarization angles and incident angles. In the insulating phase, over 1.51–3.86 THz the metasurface achieves a polarization conversion ratio (PCR) above 90%, and a relative bandwidth of 87.5%. The physical mechanism was clarified through equivalent circuit modeling, impedance matching analysis, electric-field distributions, phase responses, and surface current characteristics. Owing to its simple configuration and excellent electromagnetic performance, the proposed metasurface provides a promising platform for tunable terahertz absorption, polarization manipulation, and multifunctional integrated devices.

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