Risks of Multiple Skin Cancers in Organ Transplant Recipients

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Abstract
Organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are at substantially increased risk for skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma.1-7 Factors associated with the risk of developing at least 1 posttransplant skin cancer have been previously reported.1,3,4,8 However, an OTR’s clinical course after a first posttransplant skin cancer diagnosis is not well established. There are 2 notable prior analyses of subsequent skin cancers in OTRs. In one, a French institutional cohort of 188 heart and kidney OTRs who had posttransplant SCC was observed for up to 5 years. During follow-up, 71% of these patients were diagnosed with actinic keratoses (AKs), BCCs, SCCs, or keratoacanthomas, and 25% developed 10 or more of these lesions.9 The other is a Dutch institutional cohort of 222 kidney OTRs with at least 1 posttransplant BCC or SCC. Risk of a subsequent BCC or SCC was 32% at 1 year, 59% at 3 years, and 72% at 5 years.10

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